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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text> Ethics in Archives: How Special Collections Protects Your Privacy</text>
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                <text>This online journal is informing towards understanding ethics in archives. The journal goes into the importance and process that archivists go through to respecting data in already existing collections. Privacy plays a grand part in ethics especially since it is the focus of maintaining collections private information. Without this sort of etiquette in archives there would be accessed data that would not be protected which allows for threats to cross over and cause problems. Yet the journal goes into demonstrating that each institution has different interpretations of ethics in their collections. Jessica Serrao presents this information through this known process in special collections through her own experience. The process is a constant reminder of what it takes to maintain and protect security data in collections. It is explained thoroughly by explaining the importance of each document that is viewed as containing valuable information. It is important for documents to go through this process so they can be removed or kept in the collections. The journal also summarizes The Richardson Papers Case where a professor’s files contained valuable students’ private information that were at risk of exposure.&#13;
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                <text>Serrao, Jessica L. “Ethics in Archives: How Special Collections Protects Your Privacy.” NC State University Libraries. North Carolina State University Libraries, July 27, 2017. https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/news/special-collections/ethics-in-archives:-how-special-collections-protects-your-privacy.&#13;
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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>The author of this book goes over some of the history of copyright and some of the current existing laws. He explains that under the current laws of the U.S., securing a copyright doesn't require publication, registration, or any other action in the U.S. Copyright Office. Instead, copyright protection is secured automatically upon the creation of a work. Copyright protection is available to original works of authorship, such as musical works, sound recordings, photographs, literary works, movies, television, and software. The owner of a copyright has certain exclusive rights, such as selling the work, performing the work publicly, reproducing the work, and creating derivative works. The copyright owner can also transfer ownership of the work, whether by complete transfer or by granting a license. He explains information about how to secure a copyright and the advantages of registration with the Copyright Office. He also gives advice on the legal aspect of how to do this properly and offers where to get help in doing this.</text>
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                <text>Wincor, Richard. How to Secure Copyright: The Law of Literary Property. Oceana Publications &#13;
(1957). https://www.amazon.com/How-Secure-Copyright-Literary-Property/dp/B007T3N06C/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&amp;keywords=How+to+Secure+Copyright%3A+The+Law+of+Literary+Property&amp;qid=1586625245&amp;sr=8-1</text>
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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>Scholarly communications librarian Denise Troll Covey elaborates the difficulties and challenges of digitizing and providing access to books. Reporting on three separate studies sponsored wholly or in part by the Carnegie Mellon University Libraries, Covey cites the labor and time intensive work behind securing publisher and author permissions for not merely digitizing, but also providing access to previously printed works. Despite the open access initiatives by scholars and international consortium, such as the Budapest Open Access Initiative in 2002,she reports fewer than half of the targeted collections become available to the public. While continuing to encourage and promote efforts to secure copyright permissions for digitizing and publishing books, Covey acknowledges current U.S. copyright laws must be changed and advocates lobbying legislative officials to develop both laws and technologies that do not impinge upon the public's right to know. Notwithstanding recent measures to curtail "copyright misuse" (overly restrictive practices by copyright holders), Covey notes that legal protection for creative expression and doctrines such as Fair Use and library copying privileges have weakened in response to aggressive publisher and author tactics to secure and restrict access to digitized books. &#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Covey, Denise Troll.&lt;em&gt; Acquiring Copyright Permission to Digitize and Provide Open Access to Books. &lt;/em&gt;Washington, D.C.: Council on Library and Information Resources, 2005.</text>
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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>An Ethical Perspective on Political-Economic Issues in the Long-Term Preservation of Digital Heritage</text>
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                <text>This article considers long-term preservation of digital heritage from a social justice perspective, with a specific focus on ethical obligations for archivists in first world countries. The authors envision two fictional scenarios to illustrate their argument: in the first example, digital archivists located in a wealthy first-world country “harvest” web content created in an economically disadvantaged country without consent. In the second scenario, archivists in the same first-world country offer to digitize content from a third-world archive and propose a contract that allows both sides access to the digital archive. Lor and Britz argue that in both cases, first world archivists have a systemic advantage, and what they offer is not a collaboration, but essentially exploitation. Drawing on a broad variety of ethical frameworks, Lor and Britz attempt to offer a comprehensive catalogue of moral considerations for fair and equal forms of collaboration. </text>
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                <text>Lor, Peter Johan, and J.J. Britz. "An Ethical Perspective on Political-Economic Issues in the Long-Term Preservation of Digital Heritage." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 63 (2012): 2153–2164. </text>
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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>Applying AI to Digital Archives: Trust, Collaboration and Shared Professional Ethics</text>
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                <text>Policy makers generate digital records every single day, a fraction of which is preserved in archival repositories. However, accessing these archives is often challenging due to various factors like data protection, sensitivity, and copyright. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds promise for enhancing archive accessibility, its implementation remains experimental. This article contends that gaps in skills and communication exacerbate these challenges. Despite sharing professional ethics, civil servants, archivists, and academics often fail to communicate effectively, fostering mistrust. This lack of trust extends to AI technology, further hindering its integration into archival practices. The article suggests that highlighting shared professional ethics can foster collaboration, ultimately building trust in AI tools. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with thirty professionals spanning government, archiving, history, digital humanities, and computer science, the research fills a gap by addressing access rather than just preservation of digital records, and by including perspectives of record creators alongside archivists. It emphasizes the importance of trust and collaboration across the entire archival process, from record creation to user access.</text>
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                <text>Lise, Jaillant&#13;
Rees, Arran</text>
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                <text>Oxford University Press</text>
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                <text>Katherine Weiss</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1093/llc/fqac073</text>
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                <text>Jaillant, Lise, and Arran Rees. “Applying AI to Digital Archives: Trust, Collaboration and Shared Professional Ethics.” Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 38, no. 2 (2023): 571–585.</text>
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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>Archives in the Digital Age: Preservation and the Right to be Forgotten</text>
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                <text>Digital Humanities</text>
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                <text>Archiving has become an increasingly complex process. While preserving data is a challenge, this has evolved into finding a method to preserve data more efficiently, and make sure that data can keep its authenticity and integrity over a period of time. With this growing need to store data, there has been a surplus in technology that allows individuals to archive their data; many e-mails, for example, have the option to archive any mail in the user’s inbox. This concern to preserve everything, Mkadmi states, also begs another concern: “that of being forgotten”.  As more information of an individual becomes public online due to things like social media and resumes, Archives in The Digital Age examines how individuals should have a right to guarantee their privacy and freedom on the internet. </text>
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                <text>Mkadmi, Abderrazak </text>
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                <text>Wiley</text>
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                <text>Amanda Dabao</text>
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                <text>ISBN-13: 9781786306760</text>
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                <text>Mkadmi, Abderrazak. &lt;em&gt;Archives in the Digital Age: Preservation and the Right to be Forgotten&lt;/em&gt;. United Kingdom: Wiley, 2021.</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>Bibliographic Indeterminacy and the Scale of Problems and Opportunities of “Rights” in Digital Collection Building</text>
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                <text>John P. Wilkin, executive director of &lt;a href="http://www.hathitrust.org/"&gt;HathiTrust&lt;/a&gt; and associate research librarian for the University of Michigan, provides an in-depth report on the current percentages of published works that are at various stages of public domain and in-copyright. He explains that ascertaining the extent of the institution’s collections, the number of orphan works (holder of copyright unavailable), and the number of works in-copyright, enables librarians and archivists to develop strategies for storage and circulation of items particularly suited for academic institutions. A comprehensive bibliography with complete metadata enables scholarship found lacking in many large-scale bibliographic resources, including WorldCat and Google Books. Although Wilkin acknowledges these sources facilitate discovery through their search and retrieval interfaces, the quality of information provided is limited primarily to publication data. He suggests a significant amount of gray literature and orphan works are unavailable due to copyright restrictions and minimal cataloging. Thus, even within academic institutions, the patrons are unaware of potentially valuable resources. Using HathiTrust’s resources to survey the scope and categories of works ranging from public domain to in-copyright status, Wilkin concludes that the largest percentage of academic library collections are comprised of orphan works. In addition to the patron’s lack of access to these rich materials, these institutions incur great cost and unnecessary duplication of printed material for storage and maintenance.</text>
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                <text>Wilkin, John P.</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Council on Library and Information Resources</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>Polk, Victoria </text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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                <text>CLIR</text>
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                <text>http://www.clir.org/pubs/ruminations/01wilkin</text>
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                <text>Wilkin, John P. "Bibliographic Indeterminacy and the Scale of Problems and Opportunities of “Rights” in Digital Collection Building." &lt;em&gt;Ruminations &lt;/em&gt;1 (2011): 1-15. &lt;a href="http://www.clir.org/pubs/ruminations/01wilkin"&gt;http://www.clir.org/pubs/ruminations/01wilkin&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Abelson, Harold, Ken Ledeen, and Harry R. Lewis. &lt;em&gt;Blown to Bits: your life, liberty, and happiness after the digital explosion. &lt;/em&gt;Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Addison-Wesley, 2008. &lt;a href="http://www.bitsbook.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/B2B_3.pdf"&gt;http://www.bitsbook.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/B2B_3.pdf&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Redwine, Gabriela, Matthew Kirschenbaum, Michael Olson, and Erika Farr. “Born Digital: The 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; Century Archive in Practice and Theory.” Panel of papers presented at DH 2010, Kings College, London, July 2010. &lt;a href="http://dh2010.cch.kcl.ac.uk/academic-programme/abstracts/papers/html/ab-718.html#d540e750"&gt;http://dh2010.cch.kcl.ac.uk/academic-programme/abstracts/papers/html/ab-718.html#d540e750&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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