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                <text>Molinaro, Mary. “How Do You Know What You Don’t Know? Digital Preservation Education.” &#13;
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                <text>This book's purpose is to review the historic practices of preservation with respect to artifacts preserved in an archive, but to also show the latest in modern techniques for the preservation of everything from documents to sound recordings. This collection also addresses some of the cultural ideas of “documentary heritage” and how this relates to the ideas about preservation and how those ideas have developed over the years. Other contributions to this collection speak directly to the issue of digital information, its definition and its affects on libraries as well as the differences and similarities between digital preservation and traditional preservation. Ideas and arguments on what the future of preservation will look like and what we choose to preserve in the digital realm are presented in the closing entries in the collection. Discussion of who will be accessing future archives also play a role in what we decide to preserve today.&#13;
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                <text>Gladney’s article discusses the issue of addressing user interests in digital preservation. He notes that much scholarship on digital preservation to date (at time of writing) focuses on the interests of artists and scholars but that the users of archived digital information are growing to include businesses as well. He explains that one of the major concerns of users of digital archives is that of the trust. While the literature suggests that focus should be on creating trusted repositories, Gladney argues that this assumes naivety on the part of the users. Instead of promoting trusted repositories, he suggests focusing on creating trustworthy information. He discusses the concepts of “original” vs. “authentic” data and suggests a method for ensuring authenticity of digital artifacts, which he calls the Trustworthy Digital Object (TDO) Methodology. This involves attaching metadata to files which describes identifiers, external references, certification keys, and version history. Finally, Gladney admits that since TDO has not yet been tested, it is premature to give “firm assertions’ of its advantages over alternatives, but claims that TDO represents a necessary change in focus from repository needs to user needs. </text>
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                <text>Gladney, H. M. “Principles for Digital Preservation.” Communications of the ACM 49.2 (2006): 111-16. Accessed February 3, 2012. http://mysite.pratt.edu/~croach/images/princip.pdf</text>
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                <text>Hosted by the University of South Florida Libraries, this conference on the role of libraries an archives in disaster preparedness and response speaks to one of the ways that libraries and archives are so important to the preservation of cultural items and information not only for the future, but in light of natural disasters that may occur to damage those culturally important items. Items are presented in the three official languages of the conference: English, Spanish, and French to represent the international involvement and cooperation of the conference. Along with American universities in the Gulf of Mexico region, the conference is headed by the ACIRIL (Association of Caribbean University, Research and Institutional Libraries). Sessions of the conference include topics such as standards for digitization that would allow information to be accessed by other institutions should the need arise, and how health and disaster preparedness information can be archived by libraries for use by the public. Using libraries and archives as ‘information centers’ for the public during a time of disaster can work in collaboration with government and organizational efforts to assist recovery.   </text>
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                <text>This report provides an overview of knowledge organization systems (KOSs) and includes pertinent examples of their application to digital materials, offering extensive practical information for institutions embarking on digital library initiatives. The first section of the report defines the general characteristics of KOSs, with emphasis on their connection to a particular view of the world. The historic origins and uses of KOSs, in libraries and in other information management environments, are described, and various types of KOSs are discussed. The second section provides examples of how KOSs can be used to enhance digital libraries in a variety of disciplines, and describes how a KOS can be used to link a digital resource to related material. The third section discusses how KOSs can be used to provide disparate communities with access to digital library resources by using a KOS to provide alternate subject access, to add a new mode of access to the digital library, to provide multilingual access, or to support free-text searching. &#13;
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                  <text>Public interest in accessing and archiving digital audio and visual collections is finding support and expression in digital archives, digital libraries,digital museums and digital cultural heritage institutions. Large digital archives and institutions commonly provide instruction and community support for digitizing audio and visual content. In addition to these practical issues, this collection addresses the digital migration and representation of audiovisual and photographic artifacts.</text>
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                <text>All libraries struggle with how to make their information available to a wider audience, outside of the local area.  A couple years ago, the John F. Kennedy Library embarked on making their records, documents, photos, and videos available on the Internet. By creating this digital archive, people no longer have to go to Boston to experience the legacy of Kennedy’s effect on our country.  Yet, when doing something new, collaboration is pivotal even if difficult at times.  Another challenge is choosing the technology and being conscience of keeping the archives safe.  Despite these challenges, being able to experience this archive online will allow people to emotionally connect with the daily lives of the Kennedys.  The hope is that younger generations can feel the effect that Kennedy had on his generation.  This digital archive seeks to personalize the President for the digital generation.</text>
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                <text>Raytheon Company. “John F. Kennedy Digital Archive Project.”  January 13, 2011. YouTube Video. &#13;
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                  <text>Digital archiving is gaining increased attention by both the general public and the scholarly community. The proliferation of digital content through networked channels raises cultural awareness of the ephemeral as well as ubiquitous nature of digitization. This collection highlights critical arguments regarding the digital humanities and digital archiving. The featured studies provide a broad cultural context and essential questions for archive creation and scholarly digital humanities research.</text>
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                <text>Acord defines the digital humanities as humanities interested in expanding their research using digital tools.  Rather than being prescriptive, she discusses individual examples.  She mentions open access peer-reviewed journals as a more traditional example, mentioning that they are often very visual and incorporate multimedia.  She also talks about enhanced publications, which include live footnotes.  She then asks how scholars can share less formal work, like notes, book reviews, and academic conversations.  She discusses how digital tools allow us to look at a published work alongside its notes, other editions, etc.  This “blurs the lines” between what makes a scholarly text and what does not.  Digital tools also allow researchers to “see” places rather than just read about them, leading to new discoveries.  Blogs allow researchers to share ideas, as well as form new communities.  She discusses providing students with open access textbooks.  She says that there may be reasons for scholars not to share their research, but having the tools to share it is no longer a valid excuse.  She asks how scholars can get credit for sharing with digital tools, particularly for tenure needs, and if these are tools or scholarship themselves.</text>
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                <text>Acord, Sophia Kryz. "Open Access and the Digital Humanities." Open Access Week 2011. Recorded on October 26, 2011 in Gainesville, FL. Accessed on February 6, 2012. &lt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gJMTsQf5QlU&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Preservation in the archive involves the process of historical representation and connotes security, safety, and assurance that the collections will remain intact and uncorrupted for future generations to enjoy. Digital collections pose unique preservation challenges and require an assessment of risks, both material and intellectual, as part of the planning and  management policies. These entries illuminate standard archival preservation practices and present future trends.</text>
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                <text>This is a presentation by Covey to Carnegie Mellon University.  She writes that in order to make a digital copy, one must have considered digital preservation and copyright law.  If something is out of copyright, it can be copied.  If the owner of the copyright or the law permits it, it can be copied.  Any other copying infringes on copyright.  Preservation of digital copies entails best practices in scanning, storage of master files, backup copies in multiple locations, and consideration of format changes.  When using copyright protected material by permission, the publisher and source must be stated, as well as the fact that work is the author's version.  Covey calls for civil disobedience and moral courage as she hopes to provide open access to university materials, including dissertations and lectures.  However, she says that few have contributed due to a lack of awareness, reward, and time from faculty, as well as negative attitudes of peers.  She also feels that people’s misconceptions about copyright are to blame.  Many faculty members do not understand copyright and they do not want to lose control of their own work.</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25396">
                <text>Polk, Victoria</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25397">
                <text>1999-2015 bepress™</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25398">
                <text>PowerPoint Presentation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25399">
                <text>http://works.bepress.com/denise_troll_covey/4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="290">
            <name>Bibliographic Citation</name>
            <description>A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25400">
                <text>Covey, Denise Troll. "Issues in Digital Preservation." School of Library and Information Science, University of Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh, PA. March 3, 2010.  Accessed on February 6, 2012. &lt;a href="http://works.bepress.com/denise_troll_covey/49"&gt;http://works.bepress.com/denise_troll_covey/49&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27727">
                <text>Copyright</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="54">
        <name>copyright laws</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="37">
        <name>open access</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="60">
        <name>preservation</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
