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                  <text>This collection represents the delicate balance digital archivists seek when designing an archive that preserves and provides access, while also ensuring all parties' right to privacy and intellectual property. Also known as risk management, archives must anticipate potential infringements of intellectual property and privacy rights, and guard the public's right to free and open access. Items in the collection address risk management issues and underscore the necessity for keeping current in legal and ethical archival practices.</text>
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                <text>John P. Wilkin, executive director of &lt;a href="http://www.hathitrust.org/"&gt;HathiTrust&lt;/a&gt; and associate research librarian for the University of Michigan, provides an in-depth report on the current percentages of published works that are at various stages of public domain and in-copyright. He explains that ascertaining the extent of the institution’s collections, the number of orphan works (holder of copyright unavailable), and the number of works in-copyright, enables librarians and archivists to develop strategies for storage and circulation of items particularly suited for academic institutions. A comprehensive bibliography with complete metadata enables scholarship found lacking in many large-scale bibliographic resources, including WorldCat and Google Books. Although Wilkin acknowledges these sources facilitate discovery through their search and retrieval interfaces, the quality of information provided is limited primarily to publication data. He suggests a significant amount of gray literature and orphan works are unavailable due to copyright restrictions and minimal cataloging. Thus, even within academic institutions, the patrons are unaware of potentially valuable resources. Using HathiTrust’s resources to survey the scope and categories of works ranging from public domain to in-copyright status, Wilkin concludes that the largest percentage of academic library collections are comprised of orphan works. In addition to the patron’s lack of access to these rich materials, these institutions incur great cost and unnecessary duplication of printed material for storage and maintenance.</text>
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                <text>Wilkin, John P. "Bibliographic Indeterminacy and the Scale of Problems and Opportunities of “Rights” in Digital Collection Building." &lt;em&gt;Ruminations &lt;/em&gt;1 (2011): 1-15. &lt;a href="http://www.clir.org/pubs/ruminations/01wilkin"&gt;http://www.clir.org/pubs/ruminations/01wilkin&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The author talks about one of the most controversial questions in copyright law today concerns the proper scope of protection for unpublished works, a few examples of these are letters, diaries, journals, reports, and/or drafts that the owner of it may publish in the future. He stands by his statement that the question does not become whether or not it has the ability to be copyrighted, but rather it's more about whether the work should be given stronger copyright protection than published or widely disseminated works? The interest in this topic causes the author to talk about several cases, like Harper and Row vs. Nation Enterprises. </text>
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                <text>William M. Landes, "Copyright Protection of Letters, Diaries, and Other Unpublished Works: &#13;
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                <text>How to Build a Digital Library: Edition 2</text>
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                <text>Given modern society's need to control its ever-increasing body of information, digital libraries will be among the most important and influential institutions of this century. With their versatility, accessibility, and economy, these focused collections of everything digital are fast becoming the "banks" in which the world's wealth of information is stored.</text>
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                <text>Witten, Ian H., and David I. Bainbridge. How to Build a Digital Library. Amsterdam: Morgan Kaufmann, 2002.</text>
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                  <text>In 2003, the Library of Congress and the national libraries of Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, England and other countries formed the International Internet Preservation Consortium, and have spearheaded an international effort to preserve Internet content for future generations.&#13;
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                <text>From Digital Library to Open Datasets: Embracing a "Collections as Data" Framework</text>
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                <text>This article, written by four librarians from the University of Utah, introduces us to the idea of “collections as data” as a way to further improve and expand upon digital archiving methods used all over the world today. While librarians and archivists all over the world have digitized their collections and made them accessible online, collections as data is a movement specifically grounded in the digital libraries and digital humanities research area that aims to go beyond allowing access to archival items and include giving researchers access to the underlying data of these items. Myntti, Wittmann, Neatrour, and Cummings state that data such as text mining, topic modeling, sentiment analysis, data visualization and much more should be made easily available with their respective archive collections in order to go “beyond traditional use” of digitized collections. Allowing researchers to have access to the underlying data of collections is important, they state, because typically in digital humanities research, the data collected isn’t as digitally nuanced nor does it provide as much computational-related data as research in other departments like the sciences or social sciences. This is a sharp, intelligent article written by expert researchers explaining somewhat complicated concepts. Although the article is at times difficult, it’s content is important to the overall trajectory of Digital Humanities data and metadata. </text>
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                <text>Lafontaine, Marisa</text>
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                <text>This revised edition of Introduction to Metadata, first published in 1998 and updated in an online version in 2000, provides an overview of metadata -- its types, roles, and characteristics; a discussion of metadata as it relates to Web resources; a description of methods, tools, standards, and protocols for publishing and disseminating digital collections; and a handy glossary. Newly added to this edition are an essay on the importance of standards-based rights metadata for cultural institutions; and a section entitled "Practical Principles for Metadata Creation and Maintenance."</text>
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                <text>Baca, Murtha, et. al. &lt;em&gt;Introduction to Metadata: Online Edition, Version 3.0. &lt;/em&gt;Los Angeles, CA: Getty Publications, 2008. &lt;a href="http://www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/intrometadata/"&gt;http://www.getty.edu/research/publications/electronic_publications/intrometadata/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The authors successfully convey the message that metadata is more than a routine part of the digital archiving workflow (although that is an essential principle) and that it also provides a bridge between the demands for standardization and unique schemas, and integrates non-expert generated content with traditional archival standards. Metadata preserves the legitimacy and authority of public archives while also adapting to the participatory logic and technical challenges of the Internet. The extension of the Dublin Core elements and adaptation of its fields in DAR exemplifies metadata's flexibility and essential intellectual value to this archive.</text>
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                <text>17th century English royalist and diplomat, Sir Richard Fanshawe, left a rich collection of letters and papers to his wife that during the next centuries became dispersed and scattered. The acquisition of these scattered documents by a 20th century local history museum neglected to include the equally rich historical context of each "collector" and their collections of these scattered remnants. This neglect of assigning provenance and misinterpreting the concept of the fonds provides Geoffrey Yeo a case study for defending traditional archival standards. Yeo argues that rather than ignore such concepts as "fonds" and "provenance" when building archival collections, including those digitally-based, these concepts should be used to distinguish the original context and creators of the collections. &#13;
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                <text>Yeo, Geoffrey. "Custodial History, Provenance, and the Description of Personal Records." &lt;em&gt;Libraries &amp;amp; the Cultural Record &lt;/em&gt;44, no.1 (2009): 50-64. Accessed April 20, 2013. doi:10.1353/lac.0.0062.</text>
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                <text>Yeo persuasively argues that traditional archival standards, particularly the fonds and provenance, should guide the development of contemporary archives. Despite the dynamic nature of digital collections and the potential for dispersing the original order of a collection, archivists provide historical context when they establish the provenance of a collection.  This article identifies one of the key debates within the archiving profession.</text>
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                  <text>Digital archiving is gaining increased attention by both the general public and the scholarly community. The proliferation of digital content through networked channels raises cultural awareness of the ephemeral as well as ubiquitous nature of digitization. This collection highlights critical arguments regarding the digital humanities and digital archiving. The featured studies provide a broad cultural context and essential questions for archive creation and scholarly digital humanities research.</text>
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                <text>Archivist, Audra Yun, illuminates several fundamental digital archiving issues in her blog and provides critical commentary for the many conferences and workshops she attends. In her most recent entry, "The present and future of audiovisual archives: Screening the Future 2012, Los Angeles," she discusses critical archiving issues including: challenges of digital preservation and updating metadata for researching audio-visual data, social implications of personal digital archiving, and using digital archives as critical reading and media literacy. Yun embeds links to the diverse digital archives, software tools, and web sites of the presenters she features in her blogs, including her own publications and presentations. Her belief that "most primary sources belong in the hands (or on the screens) of users," and her mission as an archivist to "add context and longevity" to records of historic value are both evident in the information and educational service her blog provides its users.</text>
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&#13;
Planning and managing digitisation projects&#13;
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Digitising material&#13;
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Creating metadata&#13;
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&#13;
Designing a user interface for digital collections&#13;
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Digital collections management system&#13;
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&#13;
Documentation&#13;
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 - Statistics&#13;
 - Case study: DCPC’s documentation&#13;
&#13;
The knowledge and skills required for creating digital collections&#13;
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 - Material selection&#13;
 - Scanning&#13;
 - Metadata&#13;
 - User interface&#13;
 - Information technology&#13;
 - Key qualities&#13;
&#13;
Conclusion &#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Dell, Esther Y, and Suzanne M Shultz. “Conserving Digital Resources: Issues and Future Access.” Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries, September 2014, 124–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/15424065.2014.937657. </text>
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